Synergy is a complex craft that is very similar to regular Synthesizing, but has numerous functions used to create it that requires a bit of skill and finesse to perform correctly. Hopefully this guide will give you an insight into the rewarding, yet sometimes overly complicated craft that is Synergy.
To begin with I'll give you a brief Overview of various topics that range to pros and cons, to operating the furnace, to making your own bonafide items.
Overview:-Requirements to Perform Synergy
-Differences between Synergy and Crafting
-Pros
-Cons
-Basics of the Furnace
-Status Ailments
-Fundamentals of Operation
-Theft Protection
-Failing a Recipe
-Skilling Up
-Leveling/Rank Up
-The Synergy Engineer
-Making Fewell
-Socketing Evolith Usable Gear
-Synthesizing with Synergy
-Augmenting Abjuration and Sky Gear
-Recommended Skillup Recipes
-Tips and Tricks
-Credits
Requirements to Perform Synergy:Before you can attempt to even try Synergy you must complete a short quest called "Synergistic Pursuits."
Synergistic Pursuits is a short quest needed to create your Synergy Crucible which is required to perform Synergy. You may look up the quest here http://wiki.ffxiclopedia.org/wiki/Synergistic_Pursuits
A basic rundown of the quest is to talk to Hildof at F-8 of the Metalworks, he will request the following Items...
1x Earth Crystal
1x Mythril Sand (Created from refined "Mine Gravel" which is done in Palborough Mines)
1x Flint Stone
1x Brass Tank
After you have collected the items return to the Metalworks and trade Hildolf the items. He will reward you with your Synergy Crucible pre-filled with fewell (Awesome right!). Now your ready to begin Synergyzing.
After you reach level 5 Synergy Skill your given an optional quest to take part in for a Portafurnace, which is a portable Synergy Furnace you can use anywhere. You can find the info on this quest here http://wiki.ffxiclopedia.org/wiki/The_Wondrous_Whatchamacallit
Again this second quest is completely optional and there is no need to perform it.
Differences between Synergy and Crafting:Synergy is a diverse craft. Essentially you trade the ingredients to the Furnace similar in the way you use a crystal to Synthesize something. However there is a big difference in the way it's created and performed.
Skill Levels- Unlike with regular crafts, the person or persons in question do not need to possess the skill to create the item in question. One of the major strengths of Synergy is everyone within the perimeter of the furnace as it is being operated, will have their skills pooled together. This adds much flexibility for those who cannot or do not have the time or money to raise a craft to the appropriate level.
Teamwork- Additionally, some of the more complex recipes require more than one set of hands to operate the Synergy Furnace. Fortunately more than one party member is able to operate the controls in order to give a hand. It's recommended that if others are going to help with Synergy, that you establish each others roles beforehand to prevent any overlapping and potentially waste of Fewell.
No Loss!- Unlike regular crafting, there is no potential loss of items when an experiment fails. The only things you lose is the Fewell you consumed performing the experiment. I'll go a bit more into detail on this later.
No Guild- While there are Synergy Engineers all over the place, there is no official guild nor is there any enhancement bonuses like you obtain from guild workers.
Pros of Synergy:-Allows flexibility amongst players, allowing them to pool their skills and resources to perform an experiment.
-No loss of items if an experiment fails.
-Zero chance of theft when performing the craft. (Will be explained later)
-Like Cooking and Fishing, Synergy does not count towards the Crafting Cap scale like the original Guild Crafts do.
-Craftable recipes that can be performed through Synergy can be made in multiple quantities.
Cons of Synergy:-Difficulty leveling past 70 without having a Veteran level Craft.
-Some of the higher level Recipes require uncommon and expensive materials and multiple high level crafts.
-Recipe selection is limited.
-Synergy currently caps at 90, preventing optimal performance and HQ chances in some recipes.
-Craftable recipes that can be performed through Synergy are based on craft Rank instead of actual skill.
Basics of the Furnace:The Furnace menu is the core of your operations when trying to Synergize. There are alot of options, and it can seem overwhelming, but once you learn the basics of what each option does you can quickly discern which ones you shall be using more than others.
Functions:
Feed Fewell- This option allows you to pick an elemental fewell to feed to the Synergy furnace. It's important to keep an eye on the amount of fewell you have in stock, less you run out in the middle of a recipe and are forced to quit.
Note: You can replenish Fewell via two methods, a Synergy Engineer can fully top off your Crucible for a extorted fee, or you can trade Elemental Fewell purchased through the AH in the Alchemy Section. BE WARNED! Each Fewell that was bought off the AH/made will count for 50 points of Fewell in the crucible (caps at 99), so only trade one Fewell to the furnace at a time as needed.
Operate Furnace- This leads into a sub-menu that utilizes functions other than Fewell feeding.
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Thwack Furnace- This is the only option that can prevent an explosion, however lowers durability.
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Operate Pressure Handle- Consumes 3 Dark Fewell, relieves internal pressure.
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Operate Safety Lever- Consumes 6 Dark Fewell, Flushes impurities from the furnace.
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Repair Furnace- Consumes 6 Light Fewell, increases furnace durability.
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Recycle Strewn Fewell- Recycles consumed fewell into a claimable state, increasing Cinders for successful
experiments.
View Furnace Readings- This option shows the current readings on the Synergy Furnace and how far or close to your objective you are. Your always shown this everytime you feed fewell into the Furnace.
End Synergy- Stops the current Synergy process and ends it. Use this option when you've reached the target objective. BE WARNED you can accidently complete a recipe when your purposely trying to quit, if the current levels are within the target values. More will be explained later.
Review Objective- This option shows you the requirements for completing the synergy recipe.
Toggle Command Confirmation On/Off- Turns on/off confirmation for every command when you try to use the Furnace. I recommend turning it Off because it can slow down furnace operation when time is of the essence.
Status Ailments:When a Synergy Furnace explodes you take damage and receive a status ailment based on the type of element that had exploded. Each element has it's own status Ailment and if not removed can handicap or hinder your synergy process resulting in failure.
Plague/Disease- Caused by Fire Overload, occasionally consumes up to four fewell every time you feed the furnace.
Paralyze- Caused by Ice Overload, occasionally prevents an action from being carried out and will consume fewell if interrupted during fewell feed.
Knockback- Caused by Wind Overload, consumes up to 6 random fewell (even if you have no fewell of the element described). Be careful to not be knocked too far away from the furnace.
Slow- Caused by Earth Overload, prevents the player from using "Operate Furnace" Options.
Stun- Caused by Lightning Overload, prevents any action for a short random duration.
Poison- Caused by Water Overload, prevents "Operate Furnace" Options except "Thwack Furnace", and causes the Furnace to take 7% damage for every action performed.
Fewell Loss Light- Caused by Light Overload, consumes two fewell each from Fire, Lightning, Wind, and Light. Does not inflict Status Ailment.
Fewell Loss Dark- Caused by Dark Overload, consumes two fewll each from Water, Ice, Earth, and Dark. Does not inflict Status ailment.
Fundamentals of Operation:Now that you have a basic idea of what the furnace is, it's time to get down to actual operation. It can be a little overwhelming at first, but just take it one step at a time to familiarize yourself with each concept. Some of the "Operate Furnace" Options listed above are self explanatory and will not be explained.
1.
Claiming the Furnace- When you and your party is ready to perform synergy, you need to select an unused furnace. Once the party has gathered around the said furnace, the person with the materials needed for the recipe needs to click on the furnace to "Claim" it. This prevents other people from trying to operate the furnace outside of your group.
2.
Trading Materials- After a person has claimed the furnace, the claimer is given one minute to initiate the synergy process. This means the claimer must trade all the materials necessary and begin the process.
During this period your free to check your current fewell levels by clicking on the furnace again, this will also prompt asking if you wish to relinquish claim.
You are also free to trade any Fewell you may need for the recipe from the point of claim to the point the Synergy process has ended.
3.
Reviewing Your Objective and Beginning the Process- Once you have traded the materials you are shown a image and dialog of the item your trying to create as well as the elemental balance your trying to reach. If you forget your goal amist the synergy process, you may select the option "Review Objective" from the Furnace menu to review it. As shown here.
Once you have confirmed your objective, select "Select begin Synergy Process" to start.
4.
Synergyzing- Now the process has begun there are a few things to know about the process.
Objective- The object is to feed fewell of all the elements specified in the Objective log until you hit or come within close range of the target numbers. In the example provided our elemental balance needs to be around 9 Wind.
Reading the Meter- Every time Fewell is fed or you select "View Furnace Readings" the following meter is shown in the dialog, showing all the statistics needed to complete the process and what the current pressure, impurities, and elements are at. I'll briefly go over each.
Internal Pressure- Shows the current pressure in the Synergy Furnace, pressure steadily increases during the duration of the Synergy process and when Fewell is fed. While it has minimal effect on causing an Elemental Overload, it does cause the furnace to occasionally leak. If the pressure is high after an Elemental Overload occurs your almost guaranteed to have a leak immediately after. I'll go over leaks shortly.
Impurity ratio- For the most part Impurities will be the bane of your existence when skilling up. Whenever the ratio gets over 30% your chances for an Elemental Overload increase dramatically. Operating Safety Lever will flush out some of the impurities helping prevent this however.
Current Progress Rating- The 3rd line of text ranks how close or far you are from your goal, and if your close enough to successfully complete the Synergy process.
Internal Elemental Balance- Single most important thing to pay attention too, the first row of elements and numbers is your current elemental balance, the second row shows the objective balance your reaching for. The closer you are to the objective number the higher the chances you have in completing a high quality Synth, fortunately your Synergy skill level is also factored into the HQ rate so not just anyone can easily HQ.
5.
Things to look out for- There are a few things you need to keep an eye out for when synergizing, some I've already briefly mentioned before but there are some unseen dangers you may not realize.
Feeding Fewell- WHAT!? I KNOW! But truth be told it's important. Every time you feed any element the balance for that element goes UP, however the element weak to the element being fed goes DOWN two points.
TIP: If your objective requires you to feed two elements that might effect one or the other such as Wind and Ice, feed the strong element first. The weak element will still go down, but you don't want to hit the target number with Wind, only to have to do it again when you feed Ice.
PRO-TIP: Use this to your advantage if you overshoot your target number a bit. Utilizing the weakness of an element can help you reach your target number much more easily, since the amount given when you feed can be unpredictable.
Leaks- Ugh the biggest pain in the arse for anyone trying to HQ something with Synergy. When the furnace leaks the elemental balance of the leaking element gradually drops, and the element strong to the leaking element gradually goes up.
Preventive Measures: Occasionally Release the Pressure in the "Operate Furnace Options". I only recommend doing this for extensive recipes however, most single element recipes can easily be done before elements begin to leak.
FIX: They say you can fix this by repairing the furnace, or by feeding enough fewell that is strong to the leaking element. Frankly it takes too much time and is a waste of fewell, most are better off just starting over.
Elemental Overloads- Another pain, but not quite as menacing unless your skilling up. Each time a furnace Overloads you take damage, lose a little balance in that element, and potentially gain a debilitating status effect and/or lose fewell.
Preventive Measures: Operate the Safety Lever on extensive recipes when the balance begins to grow past 30%.
Eminent Overload: Thwacking the furnace is the only way to prevent an Overload once it begins. There is only a small chance to prevent it from exploding. Successfully preventing an Overload or not Zeros out the impurities, however there is a big chance you will start leaking an element immediately after.
6.
Reaching Your Goal and Ending Synergy- Once you have come within range of the target objectives, you can choose to End the Synergy process. Only the person who reserved the furnace and traded the materials can End Synergy, other party members will not have the option available to them. So it's good to keep the party informed if they are not participating in the Synergy process.
Theft Protection and Disrespectful Crafters:Earlier, I briefly mentioned theft protection from other players. SE fortunately had the foresight to make preventive measures to avoid potential theft unlike the older crafting schools, as well as help less than thoughtful players from messing with your experiment and wasting materials.
How does it work you ask?
Well it's rather simple, when a player reserves the furnace the participant players are only allowed to do so much. The reserving player is the only one allowed to trade and remove materials or the finished product.
This does not mean the other party members are not fully restricted, they still have the options to operate the furnace and trade fewell to the furnace if they happen to be running low.
They cannot "End Synergy" however, that right is exclusive to the person who reserved the furnace. This was implemented to prevent players with ill intentions purposely waste materials by ending the process before the desired target numbers were reached.
Failing a Recipe:Little Timmy: "OH NO! I didn't get the elemental balance right and now the furnace as timed out! I pray I don't lose my Byakko's Haidate..."
Generic Know it All 50's guy in a suit: "Not to worry Timmy, In the wonderful world of Synergy all your materials and items you used to experiment with are perfectly safe."
Indeed, when it comes to Synergy all your materials and possessions are safe if you fail a recipe for whatever reason. This is actually one of the major strengths of synergy production, and ironically one of the key fundamentals of skilling up.
There are three ways to End the Synergy Process that will guarantee failure, while seemingly pointless to know it drastically helps when performing certain experiments to save time if something goes astray.
"End Synergy"- Using this command when the target numbers are +/-11 or more numbers off the intended elemental balance.
Timing out- Your Synergy Furnaces HP bar is a timer of sorts. When it runs out, the process ends regardless of how close to the target numbers you are.
Out of Range- If the reserving player moves so far away from the furnace the process end's almost immediately.
Skilling Up:Synergy is perhaps the easiest craft to level, this is largely due to the ease of restrictions on the level of the recipe, and the fact no materials are lost when a recipe is failed. You can literally level from 0-90 on the proper recipe if you have the available sub-craft rank to do so.
Conditions that grant ups:
- Feeding Elemental Fewell that is listed as a target element for the recipe.
- Carrying out an Operation Sucessfuly.
- Sucessfully preventing an Elemental Overload by Thwacking the furnace.
Now there is a KEY difference between trying to skillup with Synergy and traditional Guild crafts.
Your ultimate goal... IS TO
FAIL!That's right, the whole process for skilling up is to continuously Fail your experiments by Feeding the proper Elemental Fewell and Thwacking the furnace when it's about to explode, and continue to do so till the Furnace's HP meter has depleted.
You can technically carry out other Operations besides Thwacking the furnace, however it is NOT recommended because these actions use 3-6 fewell per use versus the 1 consumed per feed.
Leveling/Rank Up:As your skill level goes up you may wonder if there is any tests that you may have to perform in order to rise in rank. The answer is... No.
Since Synergy does not have any set guild they do not adhere to the standard ranking systems that Guilds go by. Every tenth level reached causes your rank to automatically rise.
Additionally Synergists are given perks to their training. Every five levels gained your granted a point (similar to a merit point), you can use these points to increase your skill and efficiency when performing Fewell Feed or Performing Operations. To Utilize these points you only need to talk to the Synergy Engineer next to a public Synergy Furnace and select the Option "Receive Training" and select which you would like to increase your skill in.
You can increase each of these skills to level 5, however due to limitations on the current level cap you cannot max out each of the skills provided so choose wisely. Out of preference, I would put your skill points in Fewell Feeding, Thwacking Furnace, and Operating Safety Lever or Operating Pressure Handle since you will be utilizing those functions the most out of all of those available.
The Synergy Engineer:A Synergy Engineer is located literally next to any public Synergy Furnace in all the towns. They are essentially your guildmasters and synthesis support for your projects. If your ever in need of any info they can provide you with helpful information, as well as skillup recipes, training, and sell you materials to socket equipment. Here's a quick overview of the services they provide.
Learn Recipes- If your ever stuck or just want to test your skill and try to get a few levels in the process, Synergy Engineers will provide you with various recipes to test your mettle exactly like the various guild workers in classic guilds.
Check Fewell- This option allows you to check the amount of fewell you have in your Synergy Crucible. The Synergy Engineer will also offer to refill your Crucible after checking it.
Replenish Fewell- The Synergy Engineer will offer to refill your Synergy Crucible for a steep price of 100 gil per 1 unit of Fewell, totaling 79.2k for a completely empty Synergy Crucible. It's highly recommended to stick with crafted / AH bought fewell, because they're cheaper in the long run and your not wasting money on fewell that might just be lost from Overloads.
Purchase Materials- This option allows you to buy multiple flasks of Mordant 15, which is used to socket equipment for levels 15 and under.
Trade Cinder- This option shows various materials used that you can purchase with Cinder that you obtain from successful Synergizing. Here's a short listing of the materials that can be purchased.
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Mordant 30, 45, 60, 75- Allows you to socket specific equipment for the level specified and under.
Socketed equipment can be equipped with Evoliths.
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Revertant- If you wish to de-socket or remove Evoliths from an item, synergize this with the item you
wish to de-socket to remove them.
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Revertant Singulus- A more powerful version of Revertant, the main difference is Revertant Singulus only
removes the last socket and evolith on an item rather than all of them.
Get Information- This option provides some basic information about Synergy, it's not too informative so feel free to read it if you have time or are just curious.
Now onto the Fun stuff!
Making Fewell:The lifeblood of Synergy, Fewell. As the basic component necessary to utilize Synergy, it's helpful to know how to make your own or have a friend make it for you if your looking to save yourself some cash.
Alchemy 35-36
1x Crystal (Corresponding to the Element of Fewell being made IE: Fire Fewell needs a Fire Cyrstal)
1x Slime Oil
1x Catalytic Oil
1x Colored Rock (Corresponding to the Element of the Fewell being made IE: Fire Fewell needs a Red Rock)
Yields:
NQ: X3
HQ1: X6
HQ2: X9
HQ3: X12
If you cannot create Fewell, you can find them in the Auction House in Materials> Alchemy. Remember each of these Fewell will replinish 50 units inside your Synergy Crucible making them ideal for Skillups where your only spending gil for Fewell you'll be using.
Socketing Evolith Useable Gear:One of the primary functions of Synergy when it was first released was utilizing these small stones called Evoliths, which are similar to Materia from FF7 and socketing them into various pieces of gear to enhance their performance. Although seldom utilized due to the extreme conditional behaviors of Evoliths it still has it's uses for skilling up, however I will not go into specifics of Evoliths or Socketed weaponry beyond simply creating them.
Here's a link to the currently known (note it's probably out of date) gear that can be socketed.
http://wiki.ffxiclopedia.org/wiki/Category:Synergy/Item_Etching/All_Recipes
To socket an item, take one of the items listed in the link above and Synergize it with a Mordant item with a value equal too or higher than the level of the piece of equipment. As you trade the items you'll likely be presented with an option to chose the Elemental Attributes, which effect the Type of Evolith you can equip to a piece of gear as well as the type of elemental balance you need to obtain to successfully Synergize it.
For example, lets take a popular skill up item Behemoth Knife. As you trade the Mordant and the Knife your presented with a display similar to this...
Choosing an element will give you different goals to obtain as well as different rewards. For instance if you selected the Wind Attribute you would be given these conditions to successfully Synergize the Behemoth Knife...
If you were to select the Light Element you'll be given this condition...
Do you notice how the elemental goals are different from each other. It's always something to take into consideration when creating and skilling up on Socketed items, because it also effects the type of Evoliths your allowed to Synergize to the unsocketed weapon.
Now if you wish to unsocket Evoliths or remove sockets from a item, you follow a similar process only this time you Synergize the item with a Revertant item.
If your ever in need of Mordant or Revertant products they are always avaliable via the Synergy Engineer for a small price of Cinder.
Synthesizing with Synergy:Synthesizing with Synergy works in a way similar to Synthesizing itself. The main difference is you trade the components to the Synergy Furnace and you do not require a Crystal. Most products produced through Synergy cannot be reproduced through any craft, however many of the higher end Synergy recipes require multiple high level guild crafts to produce them, so it's very give and take.
One of the biggest advantages to producing products with Synergy is consumable items. This is due to the yield to materials ratios, higher chances to HQ, and no loss of materials on failure.
Since I've already covered the basics of Synergizing previously there is little more to say about this, however you can find a complete listing of various Synergizeable recipes here.
http://wiki.ffxiclopedia.org/wiki/Category:Synergy/All_Recipes
Augmenting Abjuration and Sky Gear:The latest addition to Synergy is the ability to Augment your old trusty Sky and Abjuration Gear. The augments obtained can range from medicore to excellent depending on the job that you plan on using it for, however due to the fact this is still fairly new there is still much uncollected data to obtain. You can find a full listing of augmentable gear in the following link, keep in mind that some augments are only listed in the items page itself.
http://wiki.ffxiclopedia.org/wiki/Category:Synergy/Augmenting/All_Recipes
Potential Augments vary depending on the pieces of gear, but the maximum augments as well as the number of augments on the gear are highly dependent on the HQ rate. You can tell the level of success based on the number of Cinder you receive for sucessfully Synergizing an Augmentable item.
NQ: 100 Cinder, and 1 Augment
HQ1: 110 Cinder, and up too 2 Augments
HQ2: 120 Cinder, and up too 2 Augments
HQ3: 130 Cinder, and up too 3 Augments
Keep in mind this is trial and error, so it may take multiple tries (and maybe multiple Synergists) to HQ3 with the desired stats reliably.
To augment Sky gear you need to have Seal Scraps, which are obtained by Synergizing Seiryu, Byakko, Suzaku, or Genbu's Seal. When you have the piece of Sky armor/weapon you wish to augment, trade it along with the corresponding Seal Scrap (IE: Genbu's Kabuto/Shield + Genbu Scrap).
Kirin's Osode and Kirin's Pole are a bit different however, you can use any of the Seal Scraps to Augment them, but their potential Augments vary depending on which Seal Scraps you chose to use.
Abjuration gear is Augmented just like Sky gear, only this time you need Abjuration Tatters. Tatters are obtained by Synergizing any Abjuration. Once you have decided on the piece of Abjuration Gear you wish to Augment, Synergize it along with the corresponding Abjuration Tatter (IE Blood/Crimson Armor + Wyrmal Tatter) to Augment it.
Q: What happens if you mess up or get a terrible Augment?
A: No worries, any time you Augment a piece of Sky/Abj. gear your given two options, keep the new Augment or disregard the new Augment and keep the previous stats. If you find a particular Augment you like, but want to try for better you can keep Augmenting the item as many times as you wish without fear of losing your previous augments.
Q: Can I store Augmented Items with the Porter Moggle?
A: No. You have to remove the Augments in order to store any items with the Porter Moggle.
Q: How do I remove Augments to Store, or so I can resell my Kirin's Osode/Pole?
A: Simply Synergize the item you wish to remove Augments from by itself. It's a minimal level recipe that can be done by anyone regardless of their Synergy level.
Like I mentioned, Augmenting items is very trial and error. Don't expect astounding results every time, and for best results you may fail a recipe numerous times trying to land that perfect balance for HQ3's. But here is some of the better results you can get for some of the Sky and Abjuration gear.
Recommended Skillup Recipes:You can use any of the recipes from the previous three links to skill up with. The only conditions are you must have the appropriate sub-craft rank/skill in order to skill up on the recipe. However I'm going to give you a quick selection of recipe's that can carry you all the way to 70 without the need of any other crafts. Some data on certain items are only estimated due to incomplete data on the item, so if you find you've stopped gaining Skill ups move on to another recipe.
Remember, with Synergy your not required to be within 10 levels of the item to skillup/craft items.
Astral Matter - Cap 5 - Elements: Fire, Light, and Dark
1x Tidestone, Flamestone, Tremorstone, Froststone, Galestone, Stormstone
(The product is used for the quest "The Wonderous Whatchamacallit" for a Porta Furnace)
Behemoth Knife (Socketed) - Cap 35 - Elements: Wind or Light
1x Mordant 75
1x Behemoth Knife
Silver, Mythril, Gold, Platinum Nugget- Caps 40, 50, 60, 70 - Elements: Fire, Earth, and Water
4x Silver, Mythril, Gold, or Platinum Leafs
Genbu, Seiryu, Byakko, Suzaku Scraps - Cap (Estimated 20) - Elements: Earth, Wind, Lightning, Fire (Pending the seal used)
1x Genbu, Seiryu, Byakko, or Suzaku Seal
Abjuration Tatters - Caps (Estimated 20 for Feet Abjs., and 30 for other Abjs.) - Elements: (Pending the Abjurations being used.)
1x Any Abjuration
Tips and Tricks:Tip: While you can skillup on any recipe that's many levels above your own, best skillup results are within 10 levels of the current recipe's cap.
Tip: When Skilling up, it's best to find an recipe that uses elements with manageable status effects, for efficency reasons. (Most manageable elements Earth, Wind, Lightning)
Tip: Plan out all the recipes you want to skillup on ahead of time, and if necessary obtain the materials you need for it prior to the point you wish to skill up on it. Some materials like Silver, Mythril, Gold, and Platinum Leaves used for Nuggets are uncommon on the AH and may take weeks for any to show up.
Credits:A large part of the info I posted can be found at ffxiwikia, at the following link.
http://wiki.ffxiclopedia.org/wiki/Category:Synergy
If you have difficulty understanding parts of my Guide or wish to have other refrences you can look there. It also provides several links to skillup guides that various Synergists have created. Keep in mind that some may be outdated, but are still solid for refrence.
